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Vertebral body prostheses (corpectomy)
Vertebral prostheses replace one or more spinal vertebrae. The replacement of a missing vertebra restores the spine to its proper height and alignment and relieves pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots. However, if a spinal fusion is not possible, vertebral replacement may be required. In these cases, a plastic implant is used in place of the damaged bone. It is a permanent solution to the patient's pain.
There are several types of spinal prostheses. Each one is made from biocompatible material and has an implanted bone. An implant based on screw principle requires the surgeon to rotate one portion of the device after insertion. This is not possible in confined spaces and can be difficult to control the force exerted on the adjacent vertebral body. Moreover, the Clinician cannot feel the resistance force from the spine during the expansion process of a vertebral implant.
The main function of a vertebral prosthesis is to provide stability and mobility to the patient. The implant is made of three parts - superior member and inferior member. Each piece is secured into the spinal column using screws or darts. The implant is usually designed to be removable when clinically necessary. When a replacement vertebral body is not possible, an implant is added in the central part to restore the stability of the spine.
There are two main types of vertebral prostheses. The first one is the expandable implant. The second one is the traditional type. It is made of biocompatible materials and is implanted into the intervertebral space after discectomy. The endplates are secured by a securing means. It is also important to remember that this type of device has many limitations. This means it must be used carefully.
Another type of vertebral prosthesis is a biocompatible device. The endplates of these devices can be made of different materials. Specifically, the endplates of biocompatible implants are made of polymer or polyether-ether-etherketone (PEEK) resin. These devices are implanted in the spinal column to prevent degenerative changes in the bone. A patient can recover from a fractured vertebra after the device has been placed in the correct position.
The design of the prosthesis is based on its placement. It can be anchored to a vertebral body or another implant. Depending on the type of spinal fusion surgery, a patient's condition will determine which type of vertebral prosthesis is best for their specific situation. The prosthesis is made of two parts. The superior member is attached to the body of the implant with a wire and is anchored to the superior member.
The first part of the implant is an endplate. It is kidney-shaped and has a longitudinal portion. It is pressed onto the vertebrae, where it abuts the endplate. The second member consists of a central bore 98 that is sized to fit over the implant. After this, the two parts of the implant are then joined together. The implant is inserted into the space between the vertebrae.