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The design of an intraocular artificial lense depends on the shape of the iris. A cylindrical iris has the smallest radius of curvature of all the eye's parts, allowing light to pass through it with a dioptric power of nine diopters. A triangular iris is the smallest in the human eye. An artificial lense is a sphere with a round optic.

The intraocular artificial lense is made of a transparent material that does not cloud and does not move once it is inserted. The IOL is also very flexible and lightweight, so it does not affect a patient's ability to engage in physical activity or rub their eyes. It is also possible to resume daily activities after the surgery, such as reading, writing, and driving. The IOLs are implanted inside the eye and will remain in place for a long time.

The power of an intraocular artificial lense is adjusted over a full range of accommodation, but only a small part of the accommodation range is affected. Hence, a large change in power is desirable for a small driving force. This also helps in reducing pressure on the eye's structures. The force of a driver on an intraocular lens can be changed in response to a relatively small amount of torque applied to the eye.

The design of an intraocular artificial lense was pioneered by Sir Harold Ridley at St Thomas' Hospital in London on 29 November 1949. The Rayner company of Brighton produced the first artificial lense. The plastic used was Perspex CQ, which was made by the Imperial Chemical Industries. This acrylic plastic is known as Lucite, and was originally used by pilots in World War II.

The intraocular lens can be fitted with either a PMMA, hydrogel or acrylic. The lens is inserted with a special device. The haptic attachment is tested for durability on a gram scale. After the procedure, the lens is placed in the eye. Once the patient has the lenses, they should see clearly. This is important to ensure their safety. While the lenses are not removable, they can be re-inserted.

The haptic of the intraocular lens is an integral component of the lens, which is held in place in the eye through an incision of three to four millimeters. It may be designed for a far condition or a near condition. In addition, some intraocular artificial lenses are disaccommodative, while others provide an accommodative bias. A wide-angle, or disc-shaped, artificial lens may engage the equatorial region of the capsular bag.

An intraocular lens may have as many as three different radii. The preferred type is a biconvex lens. The posterior side of the lens is substantially spherical, while the anterior half is spherical. The inferior half of the lens has an aspherical portion with a steadily decreasing radius of curvature. After implantation, the lens is centered within the eye by the two spherical portions of the lens.