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The spine, anatomically called the spine, is the central structural element of the entire vertebrate. It forms the bone center of the body and envelops the spinal cord with the vertebral canal. It is connected to the skull via the first head joint and to the pelvis via the Sa joint. In humans, the spine consists of 24 free vertebrae that are movably connected by 23 intervertebral discs, and 8 to 10 vertebrae are fused together to form bone and tailbone. Since it has to support almost all of its weight and distribute it on its legs, the bottom (tail) of the spine is thicker than the top (skull). Their multiple bends (double S shape) can reduce impact.

In addition to the first and second cervical vertebrae and the fused ac bone and coccyx vertebrae, there is a connecting disc (intervertebral disc) between the two adjacent vertebral bodies of mammals. This consists of a relatively strong outer ring of fiber cartilage and connective tissue and a soft inner core. The intervertebral disc is responsible for reducing shock and vibration and allowing the vertebrae to connect flexibly. The intervertebral discs form false joints in the form of arthritis.

A herniated disc is usually one of the causes of lumbar spine stenosis (narrowing of the lumbar spine). There are usually several factors working together. The joint surfaces associated with herniated discs and prolapse, the bulging of the vertebral edges on the vertebral body and on the pedicle can lead to a narrowing of the vertebral canal and are associated with stenosis of the vertebral canal syndrome. Under pressure, the narrowing of several spinal nerve roots can lead to a disruption of the blood supply, and patients complain of leg pain and paresthesia (tingling sensation, paresthesia) that are not due to the dermatome. The patient's walking distance is limited, which is why we speak of intermittent spine indication. Usually there are no complaints during the breaks.

Stenosis, the narrowing of the spinal canal, is the most common degenerative change in the spine and one of the most common spinal neurosurgical procedures. Here the hypertrophic ligaments and neural tubes of the small articular vertebrae need to be lifted. The operation is performed in the same way as disc surgery and there is no need to open the disc space. If the preoperative diagnosis shows instability due to joint overload, the segment to be decompressed must be reinforced with screws and rods. The treatment of vertebral body fractures requires individually adapted care concepts. Factors such as age, level of activity, shape of the fracture, location, bone quality, accompanying injuries and secondary diseases must be taken into account. Many vertebral body fractures can be treated conservatively, but a strict and standardized follow-up approach is required.

When surgery is required due to unstable fractures or failure of conservative treatment, we offer a large number of different surgical methods across the spine. These measures include cement stabilization operations, minimally invasive and open operations from the rear (dorsal) and front (ventral), vertebral body replacement implants and 3D navigation-assisted technology. The latest, scientifically proven implants and technical aids are used here. Bacterial inflammation of the spine (spondylitis, spondylitis) is a serious disease that requires extensive diagnosis and treatment. In mild cases, therapy is conservative and antibiotic therapy and solid therapy are used.